To keep the icon from being added to your dock, you must modify /Applications » MATLAB_SV74 » bin » maci » MATLAB.app » Contents » Info.plist. This is not a new hint, but it is important to know which file to put this in, and where to put it. The inserted text needs to be placed with the other NS-type elements, so search for:
<key>NSPrincipalClass<key>
<string>NSApplication</string>
Then insert the following directly below it:
<key>NSUIElement</key>
<string>1</string>
Now running Matlab in Terminal is more intuitive, and your Dock is clear of clutter.

